ABSTRACT
To compare the contribution of squamous cell and transitional cell types to the schistosoma - related and schistosoma - unrelated bladder cancer among Egyptian patients and to evaluate any significant association of carcinoma in situ [CIS] and stage T1 - TCC in schistosomiasis. A retrospective study in which the histopathologic records of 196 patients who underwent radical or salvage cystectomy for bladder cancer from August 1994 to December 2000 in Urology and Nephrology Center/ Mansoura University - Egypt, had been carried out. The age range of patients was [29 - 75] with a mean of [55.82 +/- 8.81] years. Histopathologic examinations of cystectomy specimens showed schistosomiasis in 81[41.32%] patients while in 115 [58.67%] patients; bladder cancer was schistosoma - unrelated. The cell type of cancer in [80] patients with schistosomiasis, was transitional cell carcinoma [TCC] in 40 [50%], squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] in 37 [46.25%], and adenocarcinoma in 3 [3.75%] patients. In schistosoma -unrelated bladder cancer, TCC was reported in 76 [66.08%], SCC in 34 [29.56%], undifferentiated carcinoma in 4 [3.47%] and adenocarcinoma in 1 [0.86%] patients. CIS associated with [stage T1 -TCC] was reported in 2 [15.38%] out of 13 patients with schitosoma - related bladder cancer, while it was reported in 3 [14.28%] out of 21 patients with schistosoma - unrelated bladder cancer. There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups. Schistosoma - related bladder cancer is still a problem in countries endemic with schistsomiasis. Although the major histological cell type in such cancer is SCC, there is a trend of increasing frequency of schistosoma - related TCC